— UPS Runtime · Healthcare / critical
Hospital 40 kW, 2N - 60 kVA LFP, two banks, ~64 min
Problem. A 40 kW critical-care load at 0.9 power factor needs mission-critical continuity with no single point of failure. The design driver is a fully redundant power path, not a longer battery window.
Answer. Sized up from 40 kW at 0.9 PF, the tool lands on 60 kVA on a modular cabinet with LFP batteries in a 2N arrangement - two independent banks of one string each, two strings installed in total. Runtime, quoted per single bank, is about 64 min at 100% load, 86 min at 75% and 129 min at 50%.
02 / In depth
How this preset reads — the engineering view.
Online double-conversion sizing takes the 40 kW load at 0.9 power factor, rounds up and carries +25%, giving 60 kVA on a modular cabinet - the frame that suits a phased, serviceable critical-care install.
LFP string energy is granular, so a single ~48 kWh string already delivers about 64 minutes at 100% load - comfortably past the 30-minute target - rising to about 86 minutes at 75% and 129 minutes at 50%. Because the target is already met by one string, the design driver here is redundancy, not chasing more minutes.
Redundancy is 2N: two independent banks of one string each, two strings installed in total. Runtime is quoted for one bank; the second bank is a fully independent path providing fault-tolerance, not additional autonomy.
Ambient is 32 degrees C, which sits inside the LFP 40-degree-C hot-zone, so no derate applies and effective battery life works out at about 10 years - the reason LFP is the sensible default at this runtime and tropical ambient.
What this preset deliberately does not solve
- Runtime is per single bank; the second 2N bank is a redundant path, not extra minutes.
- At 32 degrees C the LFP hot-zone is not breached, so the ~10-year life carries no derate - revisit if the room runs hotter.
- A single LFP string already clears the 30-min target; the second bank is specified for continuity, not autonomy.
How this preset differs from its siblings
The data-hall sibling preset is a tight sub-15-min hold on VRLA, where the single string only just rounds past target and N+1 buys one spare module. This preset is the opposite balance: LFP string energy alone clears the 30-minute target with room to spare, so 2N - two independent banks and paths - is specified for mission-critical continuity, not for more minutes, and the warmer-tolerant LFP chemistry holds a ~10-year life at 32 degrees C. Use this one when a redundant power path, not autonomy, is the requirement.
03 / Hydrated calculator
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· Load vs runtime · Peukert-corrected
Target 30 min @ 100%
UPS sizing · LFP (lithium iron phosphate)
Modular cabinet — 60 kVA modular (Vertiv APM / Schneider Galaxy VM)
With 2 battery strings of 48 kWh each — two independent banks of 1, runtime at full load on one bank lands around 64 minutes — an approximate planning figure (ambient-, Peukert- and inverter-efficiency-derated), not a final procurement spec.
Recommended VA
60 kVA
Online double-conversion · 2N (full redundancy)
Battery strings
2
1 per bank × 2 banks · 48 kWh each
Runtime @ 100%
64 min
vs 30 min target · single bank
Effective battery life
10 yr
at 32 °C ambient
- Runtime @ 75% load86 min
- Runtime @ 50% load129 min
- TopologyOnline double-conversion (VFI)
Assumptions driving this recommendation↓ expand
- Topology
- Online double-conversion (VFI)
- VA headroom
- 25%
- Discharge model
- Peukert with chemistry exponent
- Inverter efficiency
- 94% DC→AC (double conversion)
- Max DoD
- 95%
- Cell voltage
- 3.2 V
- Cells / string
- 150
- Module Ah
- 100 Ah / string (scale by string count)
- Hot-zone ambient
- 40 °C
- Arrhenius life rule
- Halves per 8 °C above hot-zone
- Redundancy
- 2N (full redundancy)
Engineering caveats
- LFP is the default for ≥ 15-minute runtimes, tropical ambient, and where battery-swap labour and footprint matter over the asset life.
- Mission-critical tier — twin UPS rooms, twin distribution paths. Used in healthcare ICUs, data centres, command centres. Runtime is quoted for a single bank: the second bank is fault-tolerance, not extra minutes.
Operationally sensible ecosystem
Brands grouped by engineering role — not random logos.
UPS / power conditioning
Single + 3-phase + transfer
- APC Symmetra LXModular 3-phase mid
- Vertiv Liebert APMModular 3-phase mid
BESS battery
LFP packs + BMS + enclosure
- Delta LFP CabinetCommercial cabinet
- Fuji Electric LFPCommercial mid-scale
Server racks
Equipment racks + PDU + cooling
- Vertiv VRMid-enterprise rack
- Rittal TS ITEuropean enterprise enclosure
Indicative — kVA, string count and runtime are concept-level planning figures, not a procurement BOQ. Production sizing uses the manufacturer's published runtime tables, which take cell ageing, charging-current limits and string-balancing into account. Refresh batteries on the conservative half of the calculated life when ambient regularly exceeds the hot-zone.
A planning link that reopens this exact configuration — not a quote.
Peukert's law isn't linear
A VRLA string rated 100 Ah at the 10-hour rate delivers only 60–70 Ah at a 1-hour rate. The model corrects for this; specifying a string at its nameplate rate is the most common UPS sizing mistake.
Heat is the silent killer
Battery life halves for every 8 °C above the chemistry hot-zone (30 °C for VRLA, 40 °C for LFP). A 35 °C summer battery room turns a 5-year VRLA bank into a 3-year bank.
LFP is not always right
For runtimes under 5 minutes, LFP is over-engineered — VRLA gives the same outcome at a smaller footprint and lower lifecycle complexity. The chemistry crossover is around 15 min of runtime.
N+1 over N for ≥ 100 kW
Above 100 kW critical load, a single module fault drops too much load to be acceptable. N+1 modular adds one extra UPS module to the bus — survives one fault without dropping load.
Pricing · written estimate after review
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